Jun 22, 2012 the ghana health insurance policy agenda emerged from different factors and sources. The ghana health insurance policy agenda emerged from different factors and sources. The ghana health insurance project received a satisfactory rating with a moderate risk to development outcome. In performing its regulatory functions the authority registers, licenses and supervises the operations of phis in ghana. The inclusion criteria were that papers should provide either descriptions of the nhis of the two countries, or provide empirical evidence of equity in financing, access or health care utilisation in the two systems. Government believes that if the country can feel and act in unity about football and rugby, surely we can do the same when it comes to matters of life and death, health, and illness. However, stagnating active membership, reports of poor quality health care rendered to nhisinsured clients and cost escalations have raised concerns on the operational and financial sustainability of the scheme. Funding mechanisms vary with the particular program and. The effect of ghanas national health insurance scheme on health. The scheme obligates all ghanaian citizens and residents of ghana to subscribe to a health insurance scheme as enshrined in the nhis amended act 852 2012 1. Seeking the mandate of the people in the 2000 elections.
The results show that the insured persons were more likely to seek formal health care when ill and also have significantly lower direct oophe because of the nhis. The national health insurance scheme nhis, initially introduced in. The history of health in ghana was heavily influenced by international actors such as christian missionaries, european colonists, the world bank, and the international monetary fund. Downloadable documents national health insurance scheme. Ghana health insurance project english the world bank. Ghanas national health insurance scheme in the context of the health mdgs an empirical. Nationalsocial health insurance schemes have increasingly been seen in many low and middleincome countries lmics as a vehicle to universal health coverage uhc and a viable alternative funding mechanism for. The national health insurance scheme policy in south africa is fraught with many challenges which threaten. Pdf the pros and cons of national health insurance in south. Ghanas national health insurance scheme nhis has achieved considerable success, but is beset by challenges that have become important election issues ahead of the december parliamentary and presidential polls.
Understanding the national health insurance scheme. This paper examines trends and characteristics of enrolment in the scheme to. National health insurance in south africa policy paper. The national health insurance authority nhia is mandated by national health insurance act, 2012 act 852 to regulate private health insurance schemes phis in ghana. Policy initiation and political levers in health policy. National health insurance nhi sometimes called statutory health insurance shi is a system of health insurance that insures a national population against the costs of health care. The effect of ghanas national health insurance scheme on. The national health insurance act, 2003 act 650, established the national health insurance authority and mandated it, among other functions, to secure the implementation of a national health insurance policy that ensures access to basic healthcare services to all residents. Ghana had a health care system that, in theory, provided free medical.
Under this system, the taxfinanced public institutions directly. Objectives in her quest to reduce maternal mortality, ghana introduced a free maternal healthcare programme under the national health insurance scheme. Mar 18, 2020 ghana implemented the national health insurance scheme nhis in 2005 and introduced free maternal healthcare fmh into the scheme in 2008. This study examines the extent to which ghanas national health insurance scheme nhis protects its members against the financial consequences of illhealth. Statutory payments taxations national health insurance scheme schools capitation grants o multi donor budget support. South africa is in the process of introducing an innovative system of healthcare financing with far reaching consequences on the health of south africans. Sep 08, 2017 era of social health insurance scheme in ghana. It may be administered by the public sector, the private sector, or a combination of both. Improving health insurance coverage in ghana research explorer. An exploration of moral hazard behaviors under the. The law makes it compulsory for all ghanaians to join a health insurance scheme in ghana.
Effectiveness of a free maternal healthcare programme. Ghana government of ghana is the major funding source for most of the social protection programmes with additional support from our development partners, thus there are different sources which include. The exempt groups are free from premium payments and consist of. The national health insurance scheme is a form of national health insurance established by the government of ghana, with a goal to provide equitable access. Get free research paper on knowledge awareness and benefits of national health insurance scheme among civil servants project topics and materials in nigeria. Ghana s national health insurance scheme nhis was created by the national health insurance act of august 2003, and is one of very few attempts by a subsaharan african country to implement a national level, universal health insurance program. Ministry of health august 2004 ghana health service. The politicoeconomic challenges of ghanas national. Pdf background prepayments and risk pooling through social health insurance has been. Her responsibilities in the world bank also include preparing, supervising, and evaluating lending operations at the country level. In addition, the democratic shift in ghana spurred healthcare reforms in an attempt to address the presence of infectious and noncommunicable diseases eventually resulting in the formation of the national health.
The state of enrollment on the national health insurance scheme in. Ghana s national health insurance scheme nhis has achieved considerable success, but is beset by challenges that have become important election issues ahead of the december parliamentary and presidential polls. The nhis is financed through a central national health insurance fund nhif which is sourced from the national health insurance levy nhil of 2. Under this system, the taxfinanced public institutions directly delivered health care to the people of ghana. Setting we conducted a crosssectional quantitative study involving household.
Pdf the ghana national health insurance scheme nhis was. Ghana national health insurance scheme pdf fcr offers an allinclusive onsite drug and. Dr chanda said countries like rwanda have successfully implemented the health insurance scheme with 96 per cent of rwandese covered by the national health insurance. In 2004, ghana started experimenting a national health insurance scheme nhis to reduce outofpocket payment for healthcare. National health insurance south african government. Results ability of the nhis to continue its operations in ghana is. Pdf the pros and cons of national health insurance in. The politicoeconomic challenges of ghanas national health insurance scheme implementation adam fusheini1,2 abstract background. A law has been passed to provide the legal framework necessary to facilitate the establishment of the national health insurance scheme. This paper examines trends and characteristics of enrolment in the scheme to inform policy decisions on attainment of uhc. May 18, 2018 the national health insurance scheme is a form of national health insurance established by the government of ghana, with a goal to provide equitable access and financial coverage for basic health care services to ghanaian citizens. Ghanas national health insurance, free maternal healthcare. The importance, how to, effect causes relationship, comparison, history, role, solutions are discussed.
This is approved for students in accountancy business computer science economics engineering arts. Nhis in ghana is achieving universal health coverage uhc or not. This study determines consumer and provider factors which most influence the nhis at a. The national health insurance is a chance for south africans to.
Ghana national health insurance scheme pdf also because you are paying out an important more significant tax deductible, it is actually estimated that youre going to give decrease in the event that you will be hospitalized as opposed to any other overall healthiness high grade. Overall, the project has achieved the pdo of strengthening the. Ghana national health insurance scheme pdf likelihood are, he she will possess any recordings explanation pertaining to as to why the text basically in the information. Obstacles in the process of establishing sustainable national health insurance scheme. In 2003, ghana introduced the national health insurance scheme nhis to promote access to healthcare. Nhi is intended to ensure that the use of health services does not result in financial. The idea of creating a governmental body to address health care concerns in nigeria had its origins in 1962, but the idea was shot down at the time by government officials. In addition, the democratic shift in ghana spurred healthcare reforms in an attempt to address the presence of infectious and noncommunicable diseases eventually resulting in the formation of the national health insurance scheme in place today. The aim of the health insurance scheme in ghana is to enable the government achieve its set health goal within the context of the gprs and the health. A clinical audit manual and tools have been developed in.
Background the introduction of the national health insurance scheme nhis in ghana in 2003 significantly contributed to improved health services utilization and health outcomes. Healthfacilitiesproviding health services under the nhis. Ghana national health insurance scheme pdf united student. The national health insurance scheme nhis is a body corporate established under act 35 of 1999 constitution by the federal government of nigeria to improve the health of all nigerians at an affordable cost. Subscribers perception of quality of services provided by. The free health care policy was badly implemented in that although communicable. The politicoeconomic challenges of ghanas national health. Ghana implemented the national health insurance scheme nhis in 2005 and introduced free maternal healthcare fmh into the scheme in 2008.
The national health insurance scheme nhis is a social intervention program introduced by government to provide financial access to quality health care for residents in ghana. Finally, the nhis in ghana is still young and subject to many pressures financial and political. No formal evaluation of the nhis has been carried out to understand its dynamics and impact on access to health care. The national health insurance scheme is a form of national health insurance established by the government of ghana, with a goal to provide equitable access and financial coverage for basic health care services to ghanaian citizens. Factors that influence enrolment and retention in ghana. Nhis national health insurance scheme nmcc national malaria communication subcommittee nmcp national malaria control programme nmimr noguchi memorial institute for medical research. These reforms aimed at improving the utilization of healthcare, especially for expectant mothers. The pros and cons of national health insurance in south africa. Funding mechanisms vary with the particular program and country.
Nhi is intended to ensure that the use of health services does not result in financial hardship for individuals and their families. Like many other social health insurance schemes in africa, the nhis is striving for universal health coverage uhc. The effect of ghanas national health insurance scheme on health care utilisation. The role of the national health insurance scheme mdpi.
Boosting membership of the scheme will need to be accompanied by a widening the payment net if the scheme is to remain financially. Before joining the world bank, she was a researcher on health sector reform initiatives in china and the united states. The national health insurance act, 2012 act 852 section 40 details the object of the national health insurance fund nhif. We provide a short history of health insurance in ghana, and briefly discuss. Nov, 2018 in 2004, ghana started experimenting a national health insurance scheme nhis to reduce outofpocket payment for healthcare. The national health insurance scheme in ghana is deemed as one of the legacies of the john kufuor administration.
These reforms aimed at improving the utilization of health. The implementation process of free health care for all was limited to. As shown above, ghana has tended to have social protection programmes that are universally. Ghana, like most african countries, aspired to provide free health care for its citizens at the. Health care industry health care reform medically uninsured persons national health insurance analysis surveys. Though feeforservice was introduced in 1971 nothing was done for insurance. Ghanas national health insurance scheme nhis was created by the. The national health insurance levy nhil, which is 2. Hence ghana implemented the national health insurance scheme nhis to help promote access to. The first proposal for a national health insurance scheme was made in 1970 as part of a comprehensive plan to introduce cost recovery and protect the poor. Original article, report by international journal of health policy and management. In 2004, ghana implemented a national health insurance scheme nhis.
Research open access assessing equity in health care. The national health insurance is a chance for south africans to join hands in a way that really counts. Ghana began with a taxfunded system that provided free public health care. Ghanas national health insurance scheme nhis was created by the national health insurance act of august 2003, and is one of very few attempts by a subsaharan african country to implement a nationallevel, universal health insurance program. Both the bank and the borrower received moderately satisfactory performances. Although pilot mutual health insurance schemes have been in existence in many parts of subsaharan africa since the 1990s, ghana remains one of the few african countries to establish a nationwide health in surance scheme. The national health insurance scheme nhis is a body corporate established under act 35 of 1999 constitution by the federal government of nigeria to improve the health of.
Pathways to sustainable healthcare financing executive summary health financing systems are a major factor challenging the provision of equitable and quality health care in ghana. The national health insurance nhi is a health financing system that is designed to pool funds to provide access to quality affordable personal health services for all south africans based on their health needs, irrespective of their socioeconomic status. Civil and public servants enjoyed free healthcare while the rest of the. Consequently, ghana implemented a national health insurance scheme nhis in 2005 as the first of its kind in subsaharan africa. Factors that influence enrolment and retention in ghana national health insurance scheme. New earmarked funding sources for the nhisparticularly the national health insurance levyas well as a portion of social security taxes, have improved the consistency of health financing. National health insurance nhi, sometimes called statutory health insurance shi, is a system of health insurance that insures a national population against the costs of health care. Akor director ppme, also coordinator of the national health insurance scheme, mr.
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